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By Richards BA, Voss OP, Akerman CJ, on August 28th, 2010
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GABAergic circuits control stimulus-instructed receptive field development in the optic tectum.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1098-106
Authors: Richards BA, Voss OP, Akerman CJ
During the development … . . . → Read More: GABAergic circuits control stimulus-instructed receptive field development in the optic tectum.
By Jurado S, Biou V, Malenka RC, on August 28th, 2010
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A calcineurin/AKAP complex is required for NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1053-5
Authors: Jurado S, Biou V, Malenka RC
AKAP79/150 is a protein scaffold tha… . . . → Read More: A calcineurin/AKAP complex is required for NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression.
By Bouvier J, Thoby-Brisson M, Renier N, Dubreuil V, Ericson J, Champagnat J, Pierani A, Chédotal A, Fortin G, on August 28th, 2010
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Hindbrain interneurons and axon guidance signaling critical for breathing.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1066-74
Authors: Bouvier J, Thoby-Brisson M, Renier N, Dubreuil V, Ericson J, Champagnat J, Pierani A, … . . . → Read More: Hindbrain interneurons and axon guidance signaling critical for breathing.
By Tritsch NX, RodrÃguez-Contreras A, Crins TT, Wang HC, Borst JG, Bergles DE, on August 28th, 2010
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Calcium action potentials in hair cells pattern auditory neuron activity before hearing onset.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1050-2
Authors: Tritsch NX, RodrÃguez-Contreras A, Crins TT, Wang HC, Borst JG, … . . . → Read More: Calcium action potentials in hair cells pattern auditory neuron activity before hearing onset.
By Földy C, Lee SH, Morgan RJ, Soltesz I, on August 28th, 2010
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Regulation of fast-spiking basket cell synapses by the chloride channel ClC-2.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1047-9
Authors: Földy C, Lee SH, Morgan RJ, Soltesz I
Parvalbumin-expressing, fast-spiki… . . . → Read More: Regulation of fast-spiking basket cell synapses by the chloride channel ClC-2.
By Zhang X, Bertaso F, Yoo JW, Baumgärtel K, Clancy SM, Lee V, Cienfuegos C, Wilmot C, Avis J, Hunyh T, Daguia C, Schmedt C, Noebels J, Jegla T, on August 28th, 2010
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Deletion of the potassium channel Kv12.2 causes hippocampal hyperexcitability and epilepsy.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1056-8
Authors: Zhang X, Bertaso F, Yoo JW, Baumgärtel K, Clancy SM, Lee V, Cienfue… . . . → Read More: Deletion of the potassium channel Kv12.2 causes hippocampal hyperexcitability and epilepsy.
By Im HI, Hollander JA, Bali P, Kenny PJ, on August 28th, 2010
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MeCP2 controls BDNF expression and cocaine intake through homeostatic interactions with microRNA-212.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1120-7
Authors: Im HI, Hollander JA, Bali P, Kenny PJ
The X-linked t… . . . → Read More: MeCP2 controls BDNF expression and cocaine intake through homeostatic interactions with microRNA-212.
By Altimus CM, Güler AD, Alam NM, Arman AC, Prusky GT, Sampath AP, Hattar S, on August 28th, 2010
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Rod photoreceptors drive circadian photoentrainment across a wide range of light intensities.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1107-12
Authors: Altimus CM, Güler AD, Alam NM, Arman AC, Prusky GT, Sampath AP, … . . . → Read More: Rod photoreceptors drive circadian photoentrainment across a wide range of light intensities.
By Smith SL, Häusser M, on August 28th, 2010
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Parallel processing of visual space by neighboring neurons in mouse visual cortex.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1144-9
Authors: Smith SL, Häusser M
Visual cortex shows smooth retinotopic organizat… . . . → Read More: Parallel processing of visual space by neighboring neurons in mouse visual cortex.
By Liu K, Lu Y, Lee JK, Samara R, Willenberg R, Sears-Kraxberger I, Tedeschi A, Park KK, Jin D, Cai B, Xu B, Connolly L, Steward O, Zheng B, He Z, on August 28th, 2010
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PTEN deletion enhances the regenerative ability of adult corticospinal neurons.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1075-81
Authors: Liu K, Lu Y, Lee JK, Samara R, Willenberg R, Sears-Kraxberger I, Tedeschi A, Park… . . . → Read More: PTEN deletion enhances the regenerative ability of adult corticospinal neurons.
By Smith-Hicks C, Xiao B, Deng R, Ji Y, Zhao X, Shepherd JD, Posern G, Kuhl D, Huganir RL, Ginty DD, Worley PF, Linden DJ, on August 28th, 2010
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SRF binding to SRE 6.9 in the Arc promoter is essential for LTD in cultured Purkinje cells.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1082-9
Authors: Smith-Hicks C, Xiao B, Deng R, Ji Y, Zhao X, Shepherd JD, Posern G, Ku… . . . → Read More: SRF binding to SRE 6.9 in the Arc promoter is essential for LTD in cultured Purkinje cells.
By pubmed: (("nat neurosci"[jou..., on August 28th, 2010
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Good blogosphere practices.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1035
Authors:
PMID: 20740028 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: Good blogosphere practices.
By Schlosburg JE, Blankman JL, Long JZ, Nomura DK, Pan B, Kinsey SG, Nguyen PT, Ramesh D, Booker L, Burston JJ, Thomas EA, Selley DE, Sim-Selley LJ, Liu QS, Lichtman AH, Cravatt BF, on August 28th, 2010
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Chronic monoacylglycerol lipase blockade causes functional antagonism of the endocannabinoid system.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1113-9
Authors: Schlosburg JE, Blankman JL, Long JZ, Nomura DK, Pan B, Kinsey… . . . → Read More: Chronic monoacylglycerol lipase blockade causes functional antagonism of the endocannabinoid system.
By Onishi A, Peng GH, Chen S, Blackshaw S, on August 28th, 2010
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Pias3-dependent SUMOylation controls mammalian cone photoreceptor differentiation.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1059-65
Authors: Onishi A, Peng GH, Chen S, Blackshaw S
Selective expression of retinal… . . . → Read More: Pias3-dependent SUMOylation controls mammalian cone photoreceptor differentiation.
By Laplant Q, Vialou V, Covington HE, Dumitriu D, Feng J, Warren BL, Maze I, Dietz DM, Watts EL, Iñiguez SD, Koo JW, Mouzon E, Renthal W, Hollis F, Wang H, Noonan MA, Ren Y, Eisch AJ, Bolaños CA, Kabbaj M, Xiao G, Neve RL, Hurd YL, Oosting RS, Fan G, , on August 28th, 2010
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Dnmt3a regulates emotional behavior and spine plasticity in the nucleus accumbens.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1137-43
Authors: Laplant Q, Vialou V, Covington HE, Dumitriu D, Feng J, Warren BL, Maze I, Diet… . . . → Read More: Dnmt3a regulates emotional behavior and spine plasticity in the nucleus accumbens.
By Chang MC, Park JM, Pelkey KA, Grabenstatter HL, Xu D, Linden DJ, Sutula TP, McBain CJ, Worley PF, on August 28th, 2010
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Narp regulates homeostatic scaling of excitatory synapses on parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1090-7
Authors: Chang MC, Park JM, Pelkey KA, Grabenstatter HL, Xu D, Linden DJ,… . . . → Read More: Narp regulates homeostatic scaling of excitatory synapses on parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.
By Deng JV, Rodriguiz RM, Hutchinson AN, Kim IH, Wetsel WC, West AE, on August 28th, 2010
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MeCP2 in the nucleus accumbens contributes to neural and behavioral responses to psychostimulants.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1128-36
Authors: Deng JV, Rodriguiz RM, Hutchinson AN, Kim IH, Wetsel WC, West … . . . → Read More: MeCP2 in the nucleus accumbens contributes to neural and behavioral responses to psychostimulants.
By Sirotin YB, Das A, on August 28th, 2010
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Zooming in on mouse vision.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1045-6
Authors: Sirotin YB, Das A
PMID: 20740033 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: Zooming in on mouse vision.
By Smart TG, on August 28th, 2010
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Handling accumulated internal Cl(-) at inhibitory synapses.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1043-4
Authors: Smart TG
PMID: 20740032 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: Handling accumulated internal Cl(-) at inhibitory synapses.
By Hopf FW, Bonci A, on August 28th, 2010
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Dnmt3a: addiction’s molecular forget-me-not?
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1041-3
Authors: Hopf FW, Bonci A
PMID: 20740031 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: Dnmt3a: addiction’s molecular forget-me-not?
By Feng J, Nestler EJ, on August 28th, 2010
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MeCP2 and drug addiction.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1039-41
Authors: Feng J, Nestler EJ
PMID: 20740030 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: MeCP2 and drug addiction.
By Roskies A, on August 28th, 2010
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Science and the quest for wisdom.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1037
Authors: Roskies A
PMID: 20740029 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: Science and the quest for wisdom.
By Dave KA, on August 28th, 2010
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Building the preBötzinger complex.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Sep;13(9):1046
Authors: Dave KA
PMID: 20740034 [PubMed - in process]
. . . → Read More: Building the preBötzinger complex.
By William R Marrs, on July 25th, 2010
Marrs et al. show that the serine hydrolase ?/?-hydrolase domain 6 (ABHD6) controls the accumulation and efficacy of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol at cannabinoid receptors. ABHD6 is located post-synaptically and its selective inhibition permits the induction of cannabinoid receptor–dependent long-term depression by otherwise subthreshold stimulations. . . . → Read More: The serine hydrolase ABHD6 controls the accumulation and efficacy of 2-AG at cannabinoid receptors
By Charlotte N Boccara, on July 25th, 2010
The parahippocampal region of dorsal presubinculum has neurons that preferentially fire based on the direction of the rat’s head. The medial entorhinal cortex has neurons that are preferentially active according to grid-like regularity in space. Here, the authors find that pre- and parasubiculum also have these grid cells, which are intermingled with head-direction cells. . . . → Read More: Grid cells in pre- and parasubiculum
By Lina Chakrabarti, on July 18th, 2010
Down syndrome is caused by the triplication of chromosome 21, which results in extra copies of hundreds of genes. Chakrabarti et al. used the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome to show that Olig1 and Olig2, two transcription factor genes that are triplicated in Down syndrome and in the Ts65Dn mouse, are involved in the manifestation of the inhibition/excitation imbalance phenotype. . . . → Read More: Olig1 and Olig2 triplication causes developmental brain defects in Down syndrome
By Attila Losonczy, on July 18th, 2010
The authors studied hippocampal networks in mouse slices in vitro and found that theta-related place-cell activity in the hippocampus is generated through an interaction between a phasic dendritic excitation and a phasic perisomatic shunting inhibition mediated by interneurons. . . . → Read More: Network mechanisms of theta related neuronal activity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons
By David Dupret, on July 18th, 2010
The hippocampus has place cells that preferentially fire at a particular location of spatial arena. Dupret et al. report that place fields remapped as a result of goal-directed spatial learning and that sharp wave/ripple reactivation events seen during memory consolidation predicted the strength of subsequent spatial memory. Jeffery and Cacucci highlight this work in their News and View. . . . → Read More: The reorganization and reactivation of hippocampal maps predict spatial memory performance
By Shailesh S Kantak, on July 11th, 2010
The authors find that disruption of primary motor cortex or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with transcranial magnetic stimulation has differential effects on motor memory retention depending on whether training was done in blocks of trials or with different tasks interleaved. This suggests that the neural substrate for motor-memory consolidation depends on the practice structure used for training. . . . → Read More: Neural substrates of motor memory consolidation depend on practice structure
By Dierk F Reiff, on July 11th, 2010
Understanding of the fly visual circuitry has been hampered by the difficulty of recording from the small neurons involved. Reiff and colleagues present a technique to record visually evoked responses and find that the L2 interneurons in the medulla encode brightness decrements rather than motion. . . . → Read More: Visualizing retinotopic half-wave rectified input to the motion detection circuitry of Drosophila
By Jonathan B Fritz, on July 11th, 2010
Fritz et al. compared activity in ferret frontal cortex and primary auditory cortex (A1) during auditory and visual tasks requiring discrimination and found that A1 and frontal cortex establish a dynamic, functional connection during auditory behavior that shapes sensory information flow and maintains a persistent trace of recent task-relevant stimulus features. . . . → Read More: Adaptive, behaviorally gated, persistent encoding of task-relevant auditory information in ferret frontal cortex
By Timothy J Mosca, on July 4th, 2010
In Drosophila, activation by Wingless results in cleavage of its Frizzled2 receptor and translocation of the C terminus (Fz2-C) from the postsynaptic density to the nuclei. Mosca and Schwarz find that nuclear Fz2-C entry requires the nuclear import factors Importin-?11 and Importin-?2. This pathway promotes postsynaptic development of the subsynaptic reticulum. . . . → Read More: The nuclear import of Frizzled2-C by Importins-?11 and ?2 promotes postsynaptic development
By Michael J Higley, on July 4th, 2010
The authors combine optogenetics, two-photon microscopy and glutamate uncaging to study D2-type dopamine receptor modulation of glutamatergic transmission in mouse striatopallidal neurons. They find that dopamine regulates spine calcium via multiple pathways. . . . → Read More: Competitive regulation of synaptic Ca2+ influx by D2 dopamine and A2A adenosine receptors
By Joshua P Johansen, on July 4th, 2010
Fear conditioning results from the association that develops between a neutral conditioned stimulus and an aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS), which is thought to be supported by plasticity in the amygdala. Here, the authors find that information about the UCS is conveyed to the amygdala by neurons in the periaqueductal gray. . . . → Read More: Neural substrates for expectation-modulated fear learning in the amygdala and periaqueductal gray
By Kurt W Marek, on June 27th, 2010
Building on their previous observation that neuronal calcium spike activity can drive neurotransmitter specification during development, these authors report that cJun phosphorylation integrates activity-dependent and intrinsic transmitter specification through the regulation of tlx3 transcription in Xenopus sensory neurons. . . . → Read More: cJun integrates calcium activity and tlx3 expression to regulate neurotransmitter specification
By Martin T Wiechert, on June 27th, 2010
Some brain areas, such as the olfactory bulb, can decorrelate (that is, separate out) very general inputs. However, the mechanisms enabling such decorrelation are unclear. This study presents a computational model that shows that efficient pattern decorrelation can emerge from a combination of nonlinear input-output functions and recurrent, sparse and strong inter-neuronal connectivity. . . . → Read More: Mechanisms of pattern decorrelation by recurrent neuronal circuits
By Mehrdad Jazayeri, on June 27th, 2010
The authors find that a person’s estimate of a time interval exhibits biases that depend on both its duration and the distribution from which it is drawn. This behavioral pattern could be described using a Bayesian model. These findings suggest that internal timing mechanisms can adapt to the temporal statistics of the environment to minimize uncertainty. . . . → Read More: Temporal context calibrates interval timing
By Harald Janovjak, on June 27th, 2010
This paper reports the development of a K+-selective glutamate receptor, HyLighter, that reversibly inhibits neuronal activity in response to light. The low light requirement and bi-stability of HyLighter could be useful for studying neural circuitry. . . . → Read More: A light-gated, potassium-selective glutamate receptor for the optical inhibition of neuronal firing
By Jorge J Palop, on June 25th, 2010
This review article highlights the recent advances on how amyloid-? (A?) peptides can affect synaptic and neuronal circuit function—both in the context of normal brain function and in Alzheimer’s disease—and discusses the consequence of aberrant A? at neural network level. . . . → Read More: Amyloid-?–induced neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease: from synapses toward neural networks
By Tina Pangrši?, on June 20th, 2010
The authors show that a mutation in the synaptic vesicle protein otoferlin impairs hearing by reducing the rate of vesicle replenishment at the inner hair cell ribbon synapse. They propose that the function of otoferlin is to replenish synaptic vesicles. . . . → Read More: Hearing requires otoferlin-dependent efficient replenishment of synaptic vesicles in hair cells
By Takayuki Yamashita, on June 20th, 2010
The authors show that a developmental shift occurs in the dimensions of the calcium domain required for vesicle endocytosis at calyx of Held terminals. After hearing onset, endocytosis at mature synapses is largely driven by calcium nanodomains. Endocytosis becomes independent of calmodulin and calcineurin and completely dependent on GTP hydrolysis. . . . → Read More: Developmental shift to a mechanism of synaptic vesicle endocytosis requiring nanodomain Ca2+
By Daniela C Dieterich, on June 13th, 2010
Dieterich et al. describe a methodology to label all newly synthesized neuronal proteins in situ. This method, which they name FUNCAT, relies on the inclusion of noncanonical amino acids and selective fluorescent labeling via click chemistry. The authors show that this system is amenable to dual pulse-chase experiments and dynamic tracking of newly synthesized proteins. . . . → Read More: In situ visualization and dynamics of newly synthesized proteins in rat hippocampal neurons
By Ilya A Fleidervish, on June 13th, 2010
The low threshold for action potential generation in the axon initial segment (AIS) is thought to reflect a high sodium channel density. Using high-speed sodium imaging, Fleidervish et al. estimate that sodium channel density in the AIS is only threefold higher than in the soma, a smaller difference than previously estimated. . . . → Read More: Na+ imaging reveals little difference in action potential–evoked Na+ influx between axon and soma
By Hope A Johnson, on June 13th, 2010
The authors chronically stimulated cultured cortical cell networks. They observed changes in the timing of neural activity that depended on the intervals used during training. . . . → Read More: Neural dynamics of in vitro cortical networks reflects experienced temporal patterns
By Ali Asadollahi, on June 6th, 2010
The mechanisms by which the brain selects a particular stimulus as the next target for gaze are only partially understood. A cholinergic nucleus in the owl’s midbrain exhibits functional properties that suggest a role for it as a ‘salience map’ in facilitating bottom-up stimulus selection. . . . → Read More: Stimulus-driven competition in a cholinergic midbrain nucleus
By Diego Perez-Tilve, on June 6th, 2010
This study finds that inhibition of the hypothalamic melanocortin receptors increases the level of high-density lipoprotein HDL-C, a form of cholesterol, circulating in the blood stream. Uptake of HDL-C into the liver was slowed, as expression of one of the hepatic cholesterol receptors was downregulated. . . . → Read More: Melanocortin signaling in the CNS directly regulates circulating cholesterol
By Emma L Clayton, on June 6th, 2010
After neurotransmitter release evoked by intense stimulation, synaptic vesicles are retrieved either by clathrin-mediated endocytosis or by activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE), both of which require the GTPase dynamin I. Here the authors show that presynaptic glycogen synthase kinase-3 specifically regulates synaptic vesicle retrieval during ADBE via phosphorylation of dynamin I. . . . → Read More: Dynamin I phosphorylation by GSK3 controls activity-dependent bulk endocytosis of synaptic vesicles
By Heike Tost, on June 6th, 2010
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonists increase the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) within minutes. This study reports significant reductions in the striatal volume of healthy human subjects within hours of D2R antagonist treatment; the volume changes predict structural-functional decoupling in motor circuits and acute EPS with high precision. . . . → Read More: Acute D2 receptor blockade induces rapid, reversible remodeling in human cortical-striatal circuits
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Tomomi Shimogori, Daniel A Lee, Ana Miranda-Angulo, Yanqin Yang, Hong Wang, Lizhi Jiang, Aya C Yoshida, Ayane Kataoka, Hiromi Mashiko, Marina Avetisyan, Lixin Qi, Jiang Qian & Seth Blackshaw
The hypothalamus is a central regulator of many behaviors that are essential for survival, such as temperature regulation, food intake and circadian rhythms. However, the molecular . . . → Read More: A genomic atlas of mouse hypothalamic development
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Eiji Shigetomi, Sebastian Kracun, Michael V Sofroniew & Baljit S Khakh
Calcium signaling is studied as a potential form of astrocyte excitability that may control astrocyte involvement in synaptic and cerebrovascular regulation. Fundamental questions remain unanswered about astrocyte calcium signaling, as current methods can not resolve calcium in small volume compartments, such as . . . → Read More: A genetically targeted optical sensor to monitor calcium signals in astrocyte processes
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Gloria K Mak & Samuel Weiss
In mammals, olfaction is often used to distinguish individuals on the basis of their unique odor types (genetically programmed body odors). Parental-offspring recognition behavior is mediated, in part, by learning and processing of different odor types and is crucial for reproductive success. Maternal recognition behavior and associated . . . → Read More: Paternal recognition of adult offspring mediated by newly generated CNS neurons
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Vincent Vialou, Alfred J Robison, Quincey C LaPlant, Herbert E Covington III, David M Dietz, Yoshinori N Ohnishi, Ezekiell Mouzon, Augustus J Rush III, Emily L Watts, Deanna L Wallace, Sergio D Iñiguez, Yoko H Ohnishi, Michel A Steiner, Brandon L Warren, Vaishnav Krishnan, Carlos A Bolaños, Rachael L Neve, Subroto Ghose, Olivier Berton, Carol A . . . → Read More: ?FosB in brain reward circuits mediates resilience to stress and antidepressant responses
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Charles T Anderson, Patrick L Sheets, Taro Kiritani & Gordon M G Shepherd
The mammalian motor system is organized around distinct subcortical subsystems, suggesting that the intracortical circuits immediately upstream of spinal cord and basal ganglia might be functionally differentiated as well. We found that the main excitatory pathway in mouse motor cortex, . . . → Read More: Sublayer-specific microcircuits of corticospinal and corticostriatal neurons in motor cortex
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Roy Smetana, Laurent Juvin, Réjean Dubuc & Simon Alford
The brainstem locomotor system is believed to be organized serially from the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) to reticulospinal neurons, which in turn project to locomotor neurons in the spinal cord. We identified brainstem muscarinoceptive neurons in lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) that received parallel inputs from . . . → Read More: A parallel cholinergic brainstem pathway for enhancing locomotor drive
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Julian P Meeks, Hannah A Arnson & Timothy E Holy
In mice, nonvolatile social cues are detected and analyzed by the accessory olfactory system (AOS). Here we provide a first view of information processing in the AOS with respect to individual chemical cues. 12 sulfated steroids, recently discovered mouse AOS ligands, caused widespread . . . → Read More: Representation and transformation of sensory information in the mouse accessory olfactory system
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Jie Liu, Alex Ward, Jingwei Gao, Yongming Dong, Nana Nishio, Hitoshi Inada, Lijun Kang, Yong Yu, Di Ma, Tao Xu, Ikue Mori, Zhixiong Xie & X Z Shawn Xu
The eyeless animal C. elegans is able to sense light and engages in phototaxis behavior that is mediated by photoreceptor cells. However, the molecular and cellular . . . → Read More: C. elegans phototransduction requires a G protein–dependent cGMP pathway and a taste receptor homolog –
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Jörg Grandl, Sung Eun Kim, Valerie Uzzell, Badry Bursulaya, Matt Petrus, Michael Bandell & Ardem Patapoutian
TRPV1 is the founding and best-studied member of the family of temperature-activated transient receptor potential ion channels (thermoTRPs). Voltage, chemicals and heat allosterically gate TRPV1. Molecular determinants of TRPV1 activation by capsaicin, allicin, acid, ammonia and voltage . . . → Read More: Temperature-induced opening of TRPV1 ion channel is stabilized by the pore domain
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Fadel Tissir, Yibo Qu, Mireille Montcouquiol, Libing Zhou, Kouji Komatsu, Dongbo Shi, Toshihiko Fujimori, Jason Labeau, Donatienne Tyteca, Pierre Courtoy, Yves Poumay, Tadashi Uemura & Andre M Goffinet
Ependymal cells form the epithelial lining of cerebral ventricles. Their apical surface is covered by cilia that beat in a coordinated fashion to facilitate circulation of the . . . → Read More: Lack of cadherins Celsr2 and Celsr3 impairs ependymal ciliogenesis, leading to fatal hydrocephalus
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Simone A Fietz, Iva Kelava, Johannes Vogt, Michaela Wilsch-Bräuninger, Denise Stenzel, Jennifer L Fish, Denis Corbeil, Axel Riehn, Wolfgang Distler, Robert Nitsch & Wieland B Huttner
A major cause of the cerebral cortex expansion that occurred during evolution is the increase in subventricular zone (SVZ) progenitors. We found that progenitors in the outer SVZ (OSVZ) . . . → Read More: OSVZ progenitors of human and ferret neocortex are epithelial-like and expand by integrin signaling
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Fernando García-Moreno, María Pedraza, Luca G Di Giovannantonio, Michela Di Salvio, Laura López-Mascaraque, Antonio Simeone & Juan A De Carlos
Neurons usually migrate and differentiate in one particular encephalic vesicle. We identified a murine population of diencephalic neurons that colonized the telencephalic amygdaloid complex, migrating along a tangential route that crosses a boundary between . . . → Read More: A neuronal migratory pathway crossing from diencephalon to telencephalon populates amygdala nuclei
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Paula Alexandre, Alexander M Reugels, David Barker, Eric Blanc & Jonathan D W Clarke
In the developing CNS, asymmetric cell division is critical for maintaining the balanced production of differentiating neurons while renewing the population of neural progenitors. In invertebrates, this process depends on asymmetric inheritance of fate determinants during progenitor divisions. A . . . → Read More: Neurons derive from the more apical daughter in asymmetric divisions in the zebrafish neural tube
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Jessica R Cohen, Robert F Asarnow, Fred W Sabb, Robert M Bilder, Susan Y Bookheimer, Barbara J Knowlton & Russell A Poldrack
Previous work has shown that human adolescents may be hypersensitive to rewards, but it is not known which aspect of reward processing is responsible for this. We separated decision value and prediction error . . . → Read More: A unique adolescent response to reward prediction errors
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Kaspar Meyer, Jonas T Kaplan, Ryan Essex, Cecelia Webber, Hanna Damasio & Antonio Damasio
Using multivariate pattern analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, we found that the subjective experience of sound, in the absence of auditory stimulation, was associated with content-specific activity in early auditory cortices in humans. As subjects viewed sound-implying, . . . → Read More: Predicting visual stimuli on the basis of activity in auditory cortices
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Courtney A Miller, Cristin F Gavin, Jason A White, R Ryley Parrish, Avinash Honasoge, Christopher R Yancey, Ivonne M Rivera, María D Rubio, Gavin Rumbaugh & J David Sweatt
A behavioral memory’s lifetime represents multiple molecular lifetimes, suggesting the necessity for a self-perpetuating signal. One candidate is DNA methylation, a transcriptional repression mechanism that . . . → Read More: Cortical DNA methylation maintains remote memory
By thirdrev, on June 1st, 2010
Keqiang Xie, Kevin L Allen, Saïd Kourrich, José Colón-Saez, Mark J Thomas, Kevin Wickman & Kirill A Martemyanov
The type 5 G protein ? subunit (G?5) can form complexes with members of the regulator of G protein signaling 7 (RGS7) family, but its relevance to neuronal G protein signaling is unclear. We found that mouse . . . → Read More: G?5 recruits R7 RGS proteins to GIRK channels to regulate the timing of neuronal inhibitory signaling
By Jacob H Hines, on May 30th, 2010
In growth cones of Xenopus spinal neurons, Hines et al. show that the chemorepellant myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) induces asymmetric endocytosis of ?1-integrin, via a calcium- and PI3K-dependent mechanism. Further, they show that polarized ?1-integrin function is necessary and sufficient for growth cone repulsion. . . . → Read More: Asymmetric endocytosis and remodeling of ?1-integrin adhesions during growth cone chemorepulsion by MAG
By Petroc Sumner, on May 30th, 2010
People vary markedly in how quickly they can resolve competitive action decisions. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the authors find that the speed with which an individual resolves such competition can be predicted by the concentration of GABA in a region of frontal cortex. . . . → Read More: More GABA, less distraction: a neurochemical predictor of motor decision speed
By Csaba Varga, on May 30th, 2010
This study shows that cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1)-positive inhibitory interneurons in the entorhinal cortex selectively innervate those principal neurons that project to the hippocampal commissure. Principal neurons that form the perforant path from entorhinal cortex to hippocampal dentate gyrus were devoid of CB1-positive synapses. . . . → Read More: Target-selective GABAergic control of entorhinal cortex output
By Maile R Brown, on May 30th, 2010
Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) binds to RNA and interacts with other ribonucleoproteins. Here, the authors describe both an interaction between FMRP and the sodium-activated potassium channel Slack-B and the FMRP regulation of Slack channel kinetics. . . . → Read More: Fragile X mental retardation protein controls gating of the sodium-activated potassium channel Slack
By Nanna Goldman, on May 30th, 2010
Acupuncture can locally reduce pain, but it has remained unclear how it might work. Goldman et al. find that acupuncture elevates local tissue adenosine levels in a mouse model. The anti-nociceptive effect of acupuncture was absent in mice lacking the adenosine receptor A1. . . . → Read More: Adenosine A1 receptors mediate local anti-nociceptive effects of acupuncture
By Marios Chatzigeorgiou, on May 30th, 2010
This study shows that a polymodal nociceptive sensory neuron in C. elegans detects both harsh body touch and noxious cold. Using calcium imaging and genetic tools, the researchers report that the same sensory neuron uses Degerin/Epithelial Na+ channel proteins MEC-10 and DEGT-1 for harsh touch detection and TRPA-1 channel for cold sensing. . . . → Read More: Specific roles for DEG/ENaC and TRP channels in touch and thermosensation in C. elegans nociceptors
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