Motor preparatory activity in posterior parietal cortex is modulated by subjective absolute value.

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Motor preparatory activity in posterior parietal cortex is modulated by subjective absolute value.
PLoS Biol. 2010;8(8):e1000444
Authors: Iyer A, Lindner A, Kagan I, Andersen RA
For optimal response… . . . → Read More: Motor preparatory activity in posterior parietal cortex is modulated by subjective absolute value.

Foxp1 and lhx1 coordinate motor neuron migration with axon trajectory choice by gating Reelin signalling.

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Foxp1 and lhx1 coordinate motor neuron migration with axon trajectory choice by gating Reelin signalling.
PLoS Biol. 2010 Aug;8(8):e1000446
Authors: Palmesino E, Rousso DL, Kao TJ, Klar A, Laufer E, Uemura … . . . → Read More: Foxp1 and lhx1 coordinate motor neuron migration with axon trajectory choice by gating Reelin signalling.

Auditory cortex tracks both auditory and visual stimulus dynamics using low-frequency neuronal phase modulation.

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Auditory cortex tracks both auditory and visual stimulus dynamics using low-frequency neuronal phase modulation.
PLoS Biol. 2010 Aug;8(8):e1000445
Authors: Luo H, Liu Z, Poeppel D
Integrating inform… . . . → Read More: Auditory cortex tracks both auditory and visual stimulus dynamics using low-frequency neuronal phase modulation.

Structure of the CaMKII?/Calmodulin Complex Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of CaMKII Kinase Activation

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Peter Rellos, Ashley C. W. Pike, Frank H. Niesen, Eidarus Salah, Wen Hwa Lee, Frank von Delft, Stefan Knapp

Long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting enhancement in communication between neurons, is considered to be the major cellular mechanism underlying learning and memory. LTP triggers high-frequency calcium pulses that result in the activation of . . . → Read More: Structure of the CaMKII?/Calmodulin Complex Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of CaMKII Kinase Activation

A Novel Role for Dbx1-Derived Cajal-Retzius Cells in Early Regionalization of the Cerebral Cortical Neuroepithelium

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Amélie Griveau, Ugo Borello, Frédéric Causeret, Fadel Tissir, Nicole Boggetto, Sonia Karaz, Alessandra Pierani

Patterning of the cortical neuroepithelium occurs at early stages of embryonic development in response to secreted molecules from signaling centers. These signals have been shown to establish the graded expression of transcription factors in progenitors within the . . . → Read More: A Novel Role for Dbx1-Derived Cajal-Retzius Cells in Early Regionalization of the Cerebral Cortical Neuroepithelium

The Major Yolk Protein Vitellogenin Interferes with the Anti-Plasmodium Response in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Functional gene analysis in malaria mosquitoes reveals molecules underpinning the trade-off between efficient reproduction and the antiparasitic response. . . . → Read More: The Major Yolk Protein Vitellogenin Interferes with the Anti-Plasmodium Response in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae

The BRCT Domain of PARP-1 Is Required for Immunoglobulin Gene Conversion

During affinity maturation, genomic integrity is maintained through specific targeting of DNA mutations. The DNA damage sensor PARP-1 helps determine whether a DNA lesion results in faithful or mutagenic repair. . . . → Read More: The BRCT Domain of PARP-1 Is Required for Immunoglobulin Gene Conversion

Multiple Molecular Mechanisms Cause Reproductive Isolation between Three Yeast Species

Incompatibility between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in yeast species may represent a general mechanism of reproductive isolation during yeast evolution. . . . → Read More: Multiple Molecular Mechanisms Cause Reproductive Isolation between Three Yeast Species

Cryptic Variation between Species and the Basis of Hybrid Performance

Studies on natural variation in gene expression and its phenotypic effects provide fresh insights into the origins of vigour and sterility in species hybrids. . . . → Read More: Cryptic Variation between Species and the Basis of Hybrid Performance

MglB Fills a GAP in Bacterial Polarity and Motility

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David Pincus . . . → Read More: MglB Fills a GAP in Bacterial Polarity and Motility

A Bacterial Ras-Like Small GTP-Binding Protein and Its Cognate GAP Establish a Dynamic Spatial Polarity Axis to Control Directed Motility

Directional control of bacterial motility is regulated by dynamic polarity inversions driven by pole-to-pole oscillation of a Ras family small G-protein and its associated GTPase-activating protein. . . . → Read More: A Bacterial Ras-Like Small GTP-Binding Protein and Its Cognate GAP Establish a Dynamic Spatial Polarity Axis to Control Directed Motility

Giving Microbes Their Due

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David Pincus . . . → Read More: Giving Microbes Their Due

Genetic Mismatches Between Nuclei and Mitochondria Make Yeast Hybrids Sterile

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David Pincus . . . → Read More: Genetic Mismatches Between Nuclei and Mitochondria Make Yeast Hybrids Sterile

Dynamic Assignment and Maintenance of Positional Identity in the Ventral Neural Tube by the Morphogen Sonic Hedgehog

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Eric Dessaud, Vanessa Ribes, Nikolaos Balaskas, Lin Lin Yang, Alessandra Pierani, Anna Kicheva, Bennett G. Novitch, James Briscoe, Noriaki Sasai

Morphogens are secreted signalling molecules that act in a graded manner to control the pattern of cellular differentiation in developing tissues. An example is Sonic hedgehog (Shh), which acts in several . . . → Read More: Dynamic Assignment and Maintenance of Positional Identity in the Ventral Neural Tube by the Morphogen Sonic Hedgehog

Molecular Basis for the Dual Function of Eps8 on Actin Dynamics: Bundling and Capping

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Maud Hertzog1#¤, Francesca Milanesi1#, Larnele Hazelwood2, Andrea Disanza1, HongJun Liu2, Emilie Perlade2, Maria Grazia Malabarba1,3, Sebastiano Pasqualato4, Alessio Maiolica4, Stefano Confalonieri1, Christophe Le Clainche5, Nina Offenhauser1, Jennifer Block6, Klemens Rottner6, Pier Paolo Di Fiore1,3, Marie-France Carlier5, . . . → Read More: Molecular Basis for the Dual Function of Eps8 on Actin Dynamics: Bundling and Capping

Asymmetric Excitatory Synaptic Dynamics Underlie Interaural Time Difference Processing in the Auditory System

In order to localize sounds in the environment, the auditory system detects and encodes differences in signals between each ear. The exquisite sensitivity of auditory brain stem neurons to the differences in rise time of the excitation signals from the… . . . → Read More: Asymmetric Excitatory Synaptic Dynamics Underlie Interaural Time Difference Processing in the Auditory System

Dynamic Grouping of Hippocampal Neural Activity During Cognitive Control of Two Spatial Frames

Hippocampal neurons represent two concurrent streams of spatial information by transiently organizing into subpopulations of coactive neurons and can reflect the most behaviorally relevant information at any given time. . . . → Read More: Dynamic Grouping of Hippocampal Neural Activity During Cognitive Control of Two Spatial Frames

Cortical Overexpression of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Induces Functional Plasticity in Spinal Cord Following Unilateral Pyramidal Tract Injury in Rat

Overexpression of neuronal calcium sensor 1 in cortical neurons can help restore axonal plasticity and regeneration following axonal injury in adult rats, and can also improve behavioral function. . . . → Read More: Cortical Overexpression of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Induces Functional Plasticity in Spinal Cord Following Unilateral Pyramidal Tract Injury in Rat

Drosophila microRNAs 263a/b Confer Robustness during Development by Protecting Nascent Sense Organs from Apoptosis

microRNA-263a/b confer robustness to sense organ development by controlling expression of the pro-apoptotic gene hid during apoptotic tissue pruning in Drosophila. . . . → Read More: Drosophila microRNAs 263a/b Confer Robustness during Development by Protecting Nascent Sense Organs from Apoptosis

Axonal Dynamics of Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons in Somatosensory Cortex

Electrophysiology-delivery of fluorescent viral vectors-and two-photon microscopy were used to demonstrate the rapidity of axonal restructuring of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons in rodent cortical layer II/III following alterations in sensory e… . . . → Read More: Axonal Dynamics of Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons in Somatosensory Cortex

Coupling of a Core Post-Translational Pacemaker to a Slave Transcription/Translation Feedback Loop in a Circadian System

Analysis of the cyanobacterial circadian biological clock reveals a complex interdependence between a transcription/translation feedback loop and a biochemical oscillator. . . . → Read More: Coupling of a Core Post-Translational Pacemaker to a Slave Transcription/Translation Feedback Loop in a Circadian System

Dysregulation of the Norepinephrine Transporter Sustains Cortical Hypodopaminergia and Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors in Neuronal Rictor Null Mice

A novel animal model highlights the link between Akt dysfunction, reduced cortical dopamine function, norepinephrine transporters, and schizophrenia-like behaviors. . . . → Read More: Dysregulation of the Norepinephrine Transporter Sustains Cortical Hypodopaminergia and Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors in Neuronal Rictor Null Mice

Segment-Specific Neuronal Subtype Specification by the Integration of Anteroposterior and Temporal Cues

Daniel Karlsson, Magnus Baumgardt, Stefan Thor

The generation of distinct neuronal subtypes at different axial levels relies upon both anteroposterior and temporal cues. However, the integration between these cues is poorly understood. In the Drosophila central nervous system, the segmentally repeated neuroblast 5–6 generates a unique group of neurons, the Apterous (Ap) . . . → Read More: Segment-Specific Neuronal Subtype Specification by the Integration of Anteroposterior and Temporal Cues

Directing Astroglia from the Cerebral Cortex into Subtype Specific Functional Neurons

Christophe Heinrich, Robert Blum, Sergio Gascón, Giacomo Masserdotti, Pratibha Tripathi, Rodrigo Sánchez, Steffen Tiedt, Timm Schroeder, Magdalena Götz, Benedikt Berninger

Astroglia from the postnatal cerebral cortex can be reprogrammed in vitro to generate neurons following forced expression of neurogenic transcription factors, thus opening new avenues towards a potential use of endogenous astroglia . . . → Read More: Directing Astroglia from the Cerebral Cortex into Subtype Specific Functional Neurons